|
Land and property laws in Israel provide the legal framework which governs land and property issues in Israel. Israel came into existence on 14 May 1948 with its Declaration of Independence. The Provisional State Council's first legislative act was the "Law and Administration Ordinance of 1948", a reception statute. The act adopted all existing laws "with such modifications as may result from establishment of the State or its authorities." In respect of land law matters, Ottoman laws, as had been modified by British land law during the Mandate period, continued to apply. Over time, some of these laws have been amended or replaced. ==Overview== In 1945, of the 26.4 million dunams (26,400 km²) of land in Mandatory Palestine, 12.8 million was owned by Arabs, 1.5 million by Jews, 1.5 million was public land and 10.6 million constituted the desertic Beersheba district (Negev). Of the 9.2 million dunams of land that was arable, 7.8 million dunams was owned by Arabs, 1.2 million by Jews and 0.2 million was public land.〔(Before Their Diaspora, Institute for Palestine Studies, 1984 )〕〔Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine ()〕 By 1949, some 700,000 Palestinians had fled or been expelled from their lands and villages. Israel was now in control of some 20.5 million dunams (approx. 20,500 km²) or 78% of lands in what had been Mandatory Palestine: 8% (approx. 1,650 km²) were privately controlled by Jews, 6% (approx. 1,300 km²) by Arabs, with the remaining 86% being public land.〔Abu Sitta, Salman (2001): ''From Refugees to Citizens at Home''. London: Palestine Land Society and Palestinian Return Centre, 2001.〕 Land laws were passed to legalize changes to land ownership.〔(''Ruling Palestine, A History of the Legally Sanctioned Jewish-Israeli Seizure of Land and Housing in Palestine'' ). Publishers: COHRE & BADIL, May 2005, p. 37.〕 As at 2007, the Israel Land Administration (ILA), which was established in 1960, manages 93% of Israel's land comprising 19,508 km² under the following laws and land policy. The remaining 7% of land is either privately owned or under the protection of religious authorities. * Basic Law: Israel lands (1960) states that all the lands owned by the state of Israel will remain in state ownership, and will not be sold or given to anyone. * Israel Lands Law (1960) details several exceptions to the basic law. * Israel Land Administration Law (1960) describes the details of establishing and operating the Israel Land Administration.〔(Israel Land Administration Law )〕 * Covenant between the State of Israel and the World Zionist Organization (establishing the Jewish National Fund) (1960).〔(Israel Land Administration. General Information )〕 13 percent of Israel's land belongs to the Jewish National Fund, which is managed by the ILA. Use of land in Israel usually means leasing rights from the ILA for a period of 49 or 98 years. Under Israeli law, the ILA cannot lease land to foreign nationals, which includes Palestinian residents of Jerusalem who have identity cards but are not citizens of Israel. In practice, foreigners may be allowed to lease if they show that they would qualify as Jewish under the Law of Return. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Israeli land and property laws」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|
